Hose nozzle



Sept. 29, 1959 Filed NOV. 15, 1956 F. M. TOMLINSON HOSE NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. FAY M. TOMLINSON BUM d5.

ATTORNEY P 9, 1959 F. M. TOMLINSON 2,906,464

HOSE NOZZLE Filed NOV. l5, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. FAY M\ TOMLINSON ATTORNEY United States Patent HOSE NOZZLE Fay M. Tomlinson, Daytona Beach, Fla. i Application November 15, 1956, Serial No. 622,432

The present invention relates to a nozzle structure, and is primarily concerned with the provision of such a structure which shall be adjustable to vary the character of thestream of liquid under pressure emerging from its discharge port, over a wide range, without corresponding Variation in the volume of liquid discharge, and without the disposition of bafile means of any sort within the discharge port of the nozzle.

A primary object of the invention is to provide a nozzle structure including means within the, body of the structure, but spaced from the discharge port thereof to produce high frequency vibration shock waves, of controllably variable frequency, within the stream of liquid under pressure passing through the nozzle, whereby the character of the stream emerging from the discharge port may be varied from a mist-like spray through a stream of coarse droplets to a solid jet stream.

A further object of the invention is to provide an adjustable nozzle structure wherein the type or character of the discharge stream may be varied without the use of bafile means disposed in the discharge port, and therefore without medication in the volume of flow discharged from the port.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a nozzle structure, adjustable means spaced substantially upstream from the nozzle discharge port, for producing, within the body of liquid flowing through the nozzle structure, high frequency cavitation, such means being adjustable; to vary the intensity of such cavitation.

Further objects of the invention will appear as the description; proceeds.

To the accomplishment of the above and related objects, invention may be embodied in the form illustrated in the accompanying drawings, attention being called to the fact, however, that the drawings are illustrative only, and that change may be made in the specific construction illustrated and described, so long as the scope of the appended claims is not violated.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a hose nozzle constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken substantially on the line -22 of Fig. 1;;

Fig. 3 is a similar section taken substantially on the line 3-:3 of Fig. 1

"Fig. 4: is a: similar; section taken substantially on the line 4.-4; of Fig. 1; and

Figs. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams illustrating the A 2,906,464 Patented Sept. 29, 1959 whole comprises a tubular body indicated generally by the reference numeral 10 and formed at one end for connection to a source of liquid under pressure as,-:for

instance, by threads 11, and provided at its opposite end with a discharge port 12. As shown, the tubular body includes a main body member 13 formed, at. itsend remote from the'threads 11, with an inturned flange,

. a plate 17 formed with a plurality of angularly spaced ports 18 therethrough. As shown, three such ports, spaced 120 from each other, are provided on a common radius about the center of the plate 17. Suitable means, such as the projections 41 received in grooves 40 formed in the interior surface of the member 13, are provided for restraining the plate 17 against rotational movement about its axis, relative to the member 13; and preferably, in order to provide certain orientation for-the plate 17 within the body 13, one of those projections, and its as sociated groove, will be narrower than the others. As will be clear from an inspection of Fig. 1, however, the, plate 17 is mounted for limited axial movement relative to the member 13. Preferably, a small projection '19will be formed on one surface of the plate 17 to guard against the, possibility of reversed assembly of that plate in the 'body.

A second plate 20, formed with acorrespondingly arranged series of ports 21 therethrough, is provided with a cylindrical skirt 22; and the plate 20 is mounted in the body 13 in face-to-face relation to the plate 17, with the skirt 22 projecting away from the plate 17. The ports 21 are substantially identical with the ports 18 and are correspondingly arranged so that, in one position of adjustment, all of the ports 21 will register fully with their counterparts 18 through the plate 17. It will be seen that the ported plates 17 and 20- constitute valve'means traversing the passage through the body means 10.

An enlargement 23 on a sleeve 24' snugly receives the skirt 22 of the plate 20, and said skirt 22 is formed with an axially extending groove 25 in which is receiveda dimple 26 formed in the enlargement 23, whereby said plate 20 is constrained to move rotationally about its axis with the sleeve 24. H

A washer 27 is interposed between the flange 14 and a shoulder 28 formed. on the sleeve 24 and acts as a thrust against the external surface of the flange l4, and a skirt conditions of flow and turbulence which occur within 31 surrounding a portion of the body member 13. At one point in its periphery, the skirt 31 is deformed as at 32 to provide a finger disposed between two of the deforations defining the grooves 4% in the body member 13, whereby rotational movement of the member 29 relation to the member 13 is limited. A'socket 33 in the sleeve 24 receives an inward protrusion 34 formed in the member 29 to restrain the member 29 against rotational or axial movement relative to the sleeve 24.

Near its outer end, the member 29 is formed with a tapered portion .35,and a spider 36 is received Within the member 29;, being confined against axial movement relative to the member 29-by legs 37, theupstream ends of whichengage the end 38 of of the sleeve 2.4, and the downstreamends of.v which engagethe tapered wall of the member 29. The spider carries a substantially conical, concavo-convex element 39, whose convex surface is presented toward the discharge port 12, whose major diameter is substantially less than the diameter of the passage through the nozzle, and which acts as a turbulence arrestor, as will be made apparent.

When the parts are in the-positions illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, all three ports 21 in the plate 20 register fully with the corresponding portsI18 in the plate 17. the element 29 is rotated, in either direction, the ports 21 will begin to move out of registry with the ports 18; and, as such movement is continued in either direction to a point at which the finger 32 is stopped, all three ports will have been moved completely out of registry with their counterparts to cut oii flow through the nozzle. The parts are so proportioned and designed that, when the ports 21 are in full registry with the ports 18, their aggregate flow capacity greatly exceeds the flow capacity of the discharge port 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the aggregate flow capacity through the registering ports is approximately three times the flow capacity of the port 12, and I presently believe that the aggregate flow capacity of the registering ports 18 and 21 should be at least twice that of the port 12.

It will be seen that, when the nozzle is connected, through its threads 11, to a source of liquid under pressure, liquid pressure will tend to urge the plate 17 into intimate, flow-controlling engagement with the adjacent face of the plate 20.

With the parts in the relative positions of Fig. 1 and of the diagram Fig. 5, liquid flow through the fully registering ports 18 and 21 will be smooth and substantially laminar throughout the annular region 50, 50' and past the upstream edge 51 of the turbulence arrestor 39. The tapered portion 35 of the member 29 will gather that annular flow to produce a solid jet stream 52 emerging from the outlet port 12. There will be regions of some turbulence at 53, 53, and a region of substantial turbulence 54, generally at the axis of the nozzle; but the turbulence arrestor 39 will act to prevent any substantial effect of the turbulent region 54 upon the emerging jet stream 52.

However, when the member 29 is rotated to move the ports 21 out of full registry with the ports 18, shoulders 55 divert the liquid stream passing through the ports to produce regions of cavitation at 56, 57,58 and 59; and the collapse of those regions results in the production of high frequency shock waves represented at 60, 61, 62 and 63. Those shock waves travel through the liquid under pressure within the body passage to cause the stream discharging from the port 12, at 65, to be shat- If, now,

tered into a spray of liquid droplets. Such vibration waves are strongest and at maximum frequency when the ports 21 have been moved only slightly out of registration with the ports 18, and with such an adjustment, the stream discharge from the nozzle is shattered into the smallest droplets, producing a mist-like spray with a maximum angle of dispersion. As the ports 21 are turned farther out of registry with the ports 18, the cavitation pockets grow larger, the shock wave frequency is reduce-d, and the ejected stream is. broken into larger droplets with a smaller angle of dispersion. This varia tion in the character of the discharge stream continues I claim as my invention:

1. A nozzle comprising a tubular body means adapted at one end for connection to a source of liquid under pressure and provided at its other end with a restricted discharge port, and means within said body means and wholly spaced from said discharge port for producing high-frequency cavitation within a body of liquid flowing through said nozzle, said last-named means comprising a pair of ported elements disposed within and traversing the passage through said body means, said elements being disposed in intimate, face-to-face relation, means for varying the degree of registration of the ports in said respective elements, and an irnperforate, generally-conical, concavo-convex member substantially coaxially disposed in said passage between said ported elements and said discharge port, with its convex surface directed toward said discharge port, the major diameter of said member being less than the diameter of said passage in the region in which said member is disposed.

2. A nozzle comprising a tubular body means adapted at one end for connection to a source of liquid under pressure and provided at its other end with a restricted discharge port, and means within said body means and wholly spaced from said discharge port for producing high-frequency cavitation within a body of liquid flowing through said nozzle, said last-named means comprising a pair of ported elements disposed within and traversing the passage through said body means, said elements being disposed in intimate, face-to-face relation, means for varying the degree of registration of the ports in said respective elements, and a spider disposed in said passage between said ported elements and said discharge port, said spider supporting an imperforate, generally-conical, concave-convex element of reduced diameter substantially coaxially with its convex surface directed toward said discharge port.

3. A nozzle comprising a tubular main body member formed at one end for connection to a supply of liquid under pressure and provided at its opposite end with inturned flange means, a first disc-like plate snugly received within said main body member and spanning the interior thereof, said plate being formed with a port therethrough upon an axis parallel with, but eccentric to, the common axis of said plate and said body member, a second disc-like plate received within said main body member and formed with a port therethrough substantially identical with the port through said first plate and registrable therewith, at times, said plates being disposed in face-to-face relation, means restraining said first plate against rotationalmovement about its axis, an auxiliary body member mounted for coaxial rotational movement relative to said main body member, enshrouding the flanged end of said main body member and providing a continuation of the passage through said main body memher, said auxiliary body member terminating in a restricted discharge port, and means providing an operative connection between said auxiliary body member and said second plate, whereby rotational adjustment of said auxiliary body as the ports 21 are moved farther and farther out ,of full member produces corresponding rotational adjustment of said second plate to vary the degreeof registry of the ports in said respective plates.

4. The nozzle of claim 3 including a turbulence arrestor in said auxiliary body member.

5. The nozzle of claim 3 in which said last-named means comprises a sleeve telescopically engaging said second plate and rotationally fixed relative thereto, journalled snugly in said inturned flange means, and telescopically received in, but rotationally fixed relative to, said auxiliary body member. Y

6. The nozzle of claim 3 in which said first plate is interposed between said second plate and said one end of said main body member, said second plate is restrained against axial movement relative to said main body memher, and said first plate is free for limitedaxial movement relative to said main body member.

5 6 7. The nozzle of claim 3 in which each of said plates References Cited in the file of this patent is formed with a plurality of angularly-spaced ports, cor- UNITED STATES PATENTS responding ports in said respective plates being substantially identical and being correspondingly located for si- 1 5 3;; i3 multaneous registration of all ports of one plate with the 5 1093907 Bimbam'n' 191.4 ports of the other plate, at times, the combined flow ca- 2:556:58?J Hinz June 1951 pacity of the several ports, when in full registration, being at least double the flow capacity of said discharge FOREIGN PATENTS 632,706 France Oct. 10, 1927 port. 

